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One-variable data: Distributions and measures of center and spread SAT question

Math · Problem-Solving and Data Analysis · Hard · Answer it here, explanation included.

Data set A consists of the heights of buildings and has a mean of meters. Data set B consists of the heights of buildings and has a mean of meters. Data set C consists of the heights of the buildings from data sets A and B. What is the mean, in meters, of data set C?

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ExplanationShow

The correct answer is . The mean of a data set is computed by dividing the sum of the values in the data set by the number of values in the data set. It's given that data set A consists of the heights of buildings and has a mean of meters. This can be represented by the equation , where represents the sum of the heights of the buildings, in meters, in data set A. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields , or meters. Therefore, the sum of the heights of the buildings in data set A is meters. It's also given that data set B consists of the heights of buildings and has a mean of meters. This can be represented by the equation , where represents the sum of the heights of the buildings, in meters, in data set B. Multiplying both sides of this equation by yields , or meters. Therefore, the sum of the heights of the buildings in data set B is meters. Since it's given that data set C consists of the heights of the buildings from data sets A and B, it follows that the mean of data set C is the sum of the heights of the buildings, in meters, in data sets A and B divided by the number of buildings represented in data sets A and B, or , which is equivalent to meters. Therefore, the mean, in meters, of data set C is .

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